The Fed slashed interest rates, but some credit card APRs aren't going down. Here's why
Although the Federal Reserve started slashing interest rates in September, the average retail card rate has only gone up
Most credit cards have a variable rate with a direct connection to the Federal Reserve's benchmark.
It follows that credit card rates spiked along with the Fed's string of 11 rate hikes starting in March 2022. The average annual percentage rate rose from 16.34% at that time to more than 20% today — near an all-time high.
But when the Fed started slashing interest rates in September, with an initial cut of half a percentage point, the average credit card interest rate fell by just 0.13%. The Fed has since cut rates by another quarter point.
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For some retail credit cards, interest rates are still rising. The average retail card rate increased by more than a full percentage point over the past year, according to Bankrate.
Now, the average interest rate on a store card is at an all-time high just ahead of the holiday shopping season, nearing 31%, according to a separate LendingTree study.
Some retail card APRs have jumped as high as 35.99%, CNBC also previously reported.
Why some APRs are still rising
Synchrony and Bread Financial, which both issue store-branded credit cards, have said that the moves were necessary following a Consumer Financial Protection Bureau rule limiting what the industry can charge in late fees.
"One of the unintended consequences of trying to impose limits on fees is that it often leads to higher rates," said Greg McBride, chief financial analyst at Bankrate.com.
Card issuers are mitigating their exposure against borrowers who may fall behind on payments or default, he said.
"Reducing the late fee doesn't reduce the likelihood of a late payment so issuers are going to compensate for that risk in another fashion." McBride said.
"It doesn't surprise me that card issuers would try and get out in front of these changes," said Matt Schulz, LendingTree's chief credit analyst. The CFPB's new rule takes a bite out of what has been a very profitable business.
Further, "stores want to be able to offer that card to anyone who walks up to the checkout counter and there is a fair amount of risk in that," Schulz said.
How to avoid paying sky-high interest
Only consumers who carry a balance from month to month feel the pain of high APRs. And higher APRs only kick in for new loans, not old debts, as in the case of new applicants for store cards or new purchases.
"Rates are not going up on an existing balance," McBride said.
APR changes only affect the whole balance if the change is due to a change in the underlying index, such as an increase or decrease in the Fed's benchmark, he explained.
"Otherwise, if the issuer wants to raise the rate — which would mean increasing the margin over prime rate — they can only do so on an existing balance if the cardholder is 60 days delinquent," McBride said.
However, credit card delinquency rates are already "elevated," with 8.8% of balances transitioning to delinquency over the last year, and the share of borrowers with revolving balances rising as more people rack up new debt over the holidays.
Currently, Americans owe a record $1.17 trillion on their cards, 8.1% higher than a year ago, according to the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
McBride advises consumers against signing up for a store credit card with a high rate during the peak shopping season.
"Store cards are so popular this time of year," he said. "Having that same-day discount dangled in front of you is tempting, but you lose the benefit of the discount really fast if you start carrying a balance."
As a general rule, "the best way to avoid these sky-high rates is to pay your bill in full every month — that is easier said than done, but should always be the goal," Schulz said.
Cardholders who pay their balances in full and on time and keep their utilization rate — or the ratio of debt to total credit — below 30% of their available credit, can also benefit from credit card rewards and a higher credit score. That paves the way to lower-cost loans and better terms going forward.
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This story originally appeared on: CNBC - Author:Jessica Dickler
